{"id":2328,"date":"2019-10-09T09:17:36","date_gmt":"2019-10-09T07:17:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/davidperezgar.com\/?p=2328"},"modified":"2022-10-26T19:12:29","modified_gmt":"2022-10-26T17:12:29","slug":"comandos-ssh-servidores-web","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/davidperezgar.com\/en\/blog\/web-development\/comandos-ssh-servidores-web\/","title":{"rendered":"Comandos SSH que utilizo para administrar Servidores Web"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Yo no soy administrador de sistemas, pero en estos a\u00f1os siempre he gestionado servidores y lo que m\u00e1s he hecho ha sido <strong>migraciones manuales<\/strong>, que b\u00e1sicamente ha sido mover archivos, base de datos y emails entre diferentes servidores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Por eso, me he ido aglutinando de comandos SSH que utilizo al gestionar un servidor, que es la manera m\u00e1s r\u00e1pida porque al utilizar comandos puedes comprimir y descargar una web en muy poco tiempo. Esta <strong>gu\u00eda no ser\u00e1 est\u00e1tica<\/strong>, sino que la mantendr\u00e9 actualizada seg\u00fan vaya necesitando.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Configuraci\u00f3n Servidor<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"cbc-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"cbc-code-bar\"><button class=\"cbc-copy-button\">Copy<\/button><\/div><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"\">uname -a\nlsb_release -s -d<\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Comprimir directorio ZIP<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"cbc-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"cbc-code-bar\"><button class=\"cbc-copy-button\">Copy<\/button><\/div><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"\">zip -r filename.zip foldername\/\nmv www.tar.gz www\/<\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Descomprimir con ZIP<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"cbc-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"cbc-code-bar\"><button class=\"cbc-copy-button\">Copy<\/button><\/div><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"\">unzip filename.zip<\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Copiar directorio<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"cbc-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"cbc-code-bar\"><button class=\"cbc-copy-button\">Copy<\/button><\/div><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"\">cp -r public_html\/ \/public_html\/beta\/\nscp -r wp-content beta\/<\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Borrar directorio<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"cbc-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"cbc-code-bar\"><button class=\"cbc-copy-button\">Copy<\/button><\/div><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"\">rm -rfv directorio\/<\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Descargar<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"cbc-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"cbc-code-bar\"><button class=\"cbc-copy-button\">Copy<\/button><\/div><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"\">wget http:\/\/www.dominio.com\/archivo.tar.gz<\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Descomprimir archivo TAR<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"cbc-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"cbc-code-bar\"><button class=\"cbc-copy-button\">Copy<\/button><\/div><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"\">tar -xvf file.tar.gz<\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Cambiar el propietario de la carpeta\/archivo de manera recursiva<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"cbc-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"cbc-code-bar\"><button class=\"cbc-copy-button\">Copy<\/button><\/div><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"\">chown -R username:usergroup *<\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Arreglar errores de permisos en la carpeta de la web<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"cbc-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"cbc-code-bar\"><button class=\"cbc-copy-button\">Copy<\/button><\/div><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"\">find . -type d -exec chmod 755 {} \\;\nfind . -type f -exec chmod 644 {} \\;<\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Importar BBDD gigante mediante ssh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"cbc-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"cbc-code-bar\"><button class=\"cbc-copy-button\">Copy<\/button><\/div><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"\">mysql -p -u user_db database &lt; dump.sql<\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Descargar WordPress e instalarlo<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"cbc-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"cbc-code-bar\"><button class=\"cbc-copy-button\">Copy<\/button><\/div><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"\">wget --no-check-certificate http:\/\/wordpress.org\/latest.zip\ntar -zvxf wordpress-latest.tar.gz\nmv .\/wordpress\/* .\/\nrm wordpress-latest.tar.gz\nrm -rfv wordpress\nchown -R ##:## *\ncd wp-content\/\nmkdir uploads\/\nchown -R apache:apache uploads\/<\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Detecci\u00f3n malware<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"cbc-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"cbc-code-bar\"><button class=\"cbc-copy-button\">Copy<\/button><\/div><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"\">maldet -a \/home\/domain\/domains\/<\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_76 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-white ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Tabla de contenidos<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69032464f16eb\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69032464f16eb\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/davidperezgar.com\/en\/blog\/web-development\/comandos-ssh-servidores-web\/#Ordenes_de_Mantenimiento\" >Ordenes de Mantenimiento<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/davidperezgar.com\/en\/blog\/web-development\/comandos-ssh-servidores-web\/#Gestion_de_usuarios\" >Gesti\u00f3n de usuarios<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/davidperezgar.com\/en\/blog\/web-development\/comandos-ssh-servidores-web\/#Gestion_Archivos\" >Gesti\u00f3n Archivos<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/davidperezgar.com\/en\/blog\/web-development\/comandos-ssh-servidores-web\/#Versiones\" >Versiones<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ordenes_de_Mantenimiento\"><\/span>Ordenes de Mantenimiento<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Reiniciar servidor<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"cbc-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"cbc-code-bar\"><button class=\"cbc-copy-button\">Copy<\/button><\/div><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"\">reboot<\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Procesos abiertos<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"cbc-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"cbc-code-bar\"><button class=\"cbc-copy-button\">Copy<\/button><\/div><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"\">top<\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Gestion_de_usuarios\"><\/span>Gesti\u00f3n de usuarios<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"cbc-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"cbc-code-bar\"><button class=\"cbc-copy-button\">Copy<\/button><\/div><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"\">sudo passwd username<\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Gestion_Archivos\"><\/span>Gesti\u00f3n Archivos<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Tama\u00f1o carpetas:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"cbc-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"cbc-code-bar\"><button class=\"cbc-copy-button\">Copy<\/button><\/div><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"\">du -sh *<\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Ver \u00faltimos archivos modificados (\u00fatil para detectar hack)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"cbc-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"cbc-code-bar\"><button class=\"cbc-copy-button\">Copy<\/button><\/div><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"\">find . -type f -printf \"%-.22T+ %M %n %-8u %-8g %8s %Tx %.8TX %p\\n\" | sort | cut -f 2- -d ' ' <\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Borrar archivos empezando por una cadena<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"cbc-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"cbc-code-bar\"><button class=\"cbc-copy-button\">Copy<\/button><\/div><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"\">find . -type f -name foo\\* -exec rm {} \\;<\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Encontrar PHP con la funci\u00f3n mail<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"cbc-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"cbc-code-bar\"><button class=\"cbc-copy-button\">Copy<\/button><\/div><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"\"> find . -name \"*.php\" -exec grep -l \"mail(\" {} \\;<\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Encontrar archivos php en uploads<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"cbc-code-wrapper\"><div class=\"cbc-code-bar\"><button class=\"cbc-copy-button\">Copy<\/button><\/div><pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code class=\"\">find . -name *.php<\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Versiones\"><\/span>Versiones<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>9 Octubre<\/strong> &#8211; Actualizado el comando cp seg\u00fan indicaciones de <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nilovelez.com\/\">Nilo V\u00e9lez<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Estos son los comandos SSH qu\u00e9 utilizo m\u00e1s habituales para administrar Servidores Web. Mover directorios.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2335,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"Comandos SSH m\u00e1s habituales que utilizo para administrar Servidores Web","_seopress_titles_desc":"Estos son los comandos SSH qu\u00e9 utilizo m\u00e1s habituales para administrar Servidores Web. Mover directorios.","_seopress_robots_index":"","inline_featured_image":false,"editor_notices":[],"webmentions_disabled":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[168],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2328","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-web-development","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/davidperezgar.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2328","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/davidperezgar.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/davidperezgar.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/davidperezgar.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/davidperezgar.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2328"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/davidperezgar.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2328\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/davidperezgar.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2335"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/davidperezgar.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2328"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/davidperezgar.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2328"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/davidperezgar.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2328"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}